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09 Apr 2024

Hyperpigmentation

Hyperpigmentation is a skin condition characterized by increased dark pigments, usually melanin, in certain areas of the skin.

What is hyperpigmentation?

Hyperpigmentation is a very common skin problem that occurs due to an increase in the dark skin pigment, melanin, in the epidermis or dermis. This results in uneven skin tone, dark spots or freckles.

Causes of hyperpigmentation

Hyperpigmentation can occur for various reasons:

  • Sun exposure

    Excessive sun exposure can stimulate melanin production, leading to the appearance of dark spots or age spots on the skin.

  • Procedural changes

    After injuries, scars, or inflammation on the skin, dark spots may appear as a result of the healing process.

  • Hormonal changes

    Hormonal changes, such as pregnancy or birth control pills, can cause melasma, or dark spots on the face.

  • Aging

    Over time, the skin can develop hyperpigmentation, especially on exposed areas such as the hands and face.

Types of hyperpigmentation

It is also important to note that there are different types of pigmentation:

  • Melasma

    A skin change in the form of brown spots. It most often appears on the cheeks, nose, forehead, and upper lip, and is most common in women.

  • Collage

    Known as the “pregnancy mask,” it is found on the face or, sometimes, on the abdomen.

  • Sunspots

    One of the most common forms of hyperpigmentation. They occur as a result of skin damage from sunlight.

  • Freckles (ephelides)

    Hereditary skin conditions.

  • PIH or post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation

    A form of pigmentation that usually occurs after some type of skin injury.

Hyperpigmentation and sun protection

To avoid or reduce sun-related hyperpigmentation, it is important to take appropriate sun protection measures. This includes wearing hats and protective clothing, using a broad-spectrum sunscreen with a high SPF, and avoiding prolonged sun exposure, especially during the hottest parts of the day.

The effect of hyperpigmentation on appearance

Hyperpigmentation can cause a loss of self-confidence in individuals, especially if it is located on visible parts of the body. People who face this problem may feel ashamed or embarrassed.

Hyperpigmentation can also contribute to the appearance of older skin. Dark spots and uneven skin tone are often associated with sun damage and other environmental aggressors, which can further accentuate the signs of aging.